Cambridge IELTS 13 Reading test 2 - Từ vựng đồng nghĩa thay thế

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Cambridge 13 Reading Test 2 – Chuyển đổi từ đồng nghĩa

1. Passage 1：

mixed with oils = added to oils
among lovers and friends = between people
pleasant scent = sweet smell
to flavor food = added to food
particularly meat = especially meat
a sign = an indication
cure = treatment
various ailments = other health problems
brought it back = took it to
markets = destinations
a monopoly in the cinnamon trade = had control over the cinnamon trade
In 1518… In the late 16th century …= throughout the 16th century
broke the 150-year Portuguese monopoly = took over the cinnamon trade from the…
economic potential = economic importance

2. Passage 2：

scientists first became aware of = The earliest findings
through various studies = came from research
focusing on animals = involving animals
is released = produce
it was quite a lonesome field = attracted little scientific attention
people become more charitable/better at reading emotions on others’ faces and at communicating constructively in arguments = the beneficial effects of oxytocin on people
after a few years = later research
contrasting findings began to emerge = this is not always the case
when volunteers played a competitive game = where participants took part in a game
felt more envy = the negative emotions
sharply contrasting outcomes = the effect of oxytocin
depend on a person’s disposition = vary from one type of person to another
studies conducted by Carolyn DeClerck of = a study at the University of Antwerp
less cooperative = lack of willingness
when dealing with complete strangers = to help strangers
became quicker to associate positive = are familiar…to have more positive
than with foreign ones = than those from other cultures
Dutch names = names… in their own country

3. Passage 3：

managers often = most managers
fail to recognize = are unaware
profound ways these trends are = the significant impact that trends have
consumers’ aspirations, attitudes, and behaviors = consumers’ lives
to avert = to safeguard
an across-the-board price cut = as a manufacturer of luxury goods
revealed = discovered
were eager = had a positive attitude
to lift themselves and the country out of = towards dealing with
tough times = difficult circumstances
avert an across-the-board price cut = avoid having to charge its customers less
introduced = implemented
its Greener Living program which = an incentive scheme to demonstrate
the company’s commitment to protecting the environment = its corporate social
Tesco has not abandoned its traditional = it did not require Tesco to modify its
retail offerings = core
at first glance/sounds like = might appear
it’s hardly worthwhile = to have few obvious benefits
team up with = collaborate with
technology company Apple = another manufacturer
to launch Nike+, a digital sports kit = extend its offering
the aspects of trends they view as = a growing lifestyle trend
an increasing disparity = an increasing lack of connection
some of the widely perceived negative = harmful effects to its own advantage
countering = addressed (people’s concerns)
the negatives, such as associations with = unhealthy lifestyles
once = if
determine = identify
our three innovation strategies = the most appropriate innovation strategy
to pursue = to use
an increasing disparity = an increasing lack of connection
need to transcend the category = should use the combine-and-transcend
aspects of the category clash with = a negative aspect of your category
undesired outcomes of a trend = a current trend